{"id":2753,"date":"2026-04-25T03:00:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T03:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/25\/tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-11-dai-cuong-hoa-hoc-huu-co\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T03:00:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T03:00:48","slug":"tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-11-dai-cuong-hoa-hoc-huu-co","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/25\/tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-11-dai-cuong-hoa-hoc-huu-co\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u00f4n thi chia s\u1ebb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n b\u00e1m s\u00e1t theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: Nitrogen Sulfur (l\u1edbp 11)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (h\u00f3a 11)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn\/tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1, t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac (nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c, ph\u1ed5 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i) v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t, tinh ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 6 chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 (C\u0110), t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1<\/th>\nN\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u01101:<\/strong>\u00a0H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/td>\nKh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung (li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i\/n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p, d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y), ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Hydrocarbon v\u00e0 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u01102:<\/strong>\u00a0Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf<\/td>\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t (th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n, l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p), Chi\u1ebft (l\u1ecfng-l\u1ecfng, l\u1ecfng-r\u1eafn), K\u1ebft tinh, v\u00e0 S\u1eafc k\u00ed c\u1ed9t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u01103-C\u01105:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t b\u00e3o h\u00f2a<\/td>\nT\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c (Alcohol, Aldehyde, Ketone, Ester, Carboxylic acid, Amine\u2026) v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng Ph\u1ed5 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i (IR) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft (O\u2013H, C=O, C\u2013O, N\u2013H\u2026).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

B\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 s\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c, gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh\/gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o:<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t<\/th>\nLi\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 s\u00f3ng (cm\u207b\u00b9)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Alcohol<\/td>\nO \u2013 H<\/td>\n3500 \u2013 3200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aldehyde<\/td>\nC = O<\/td>\n1740 \u2013 1685<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ketone<\/td>\nC = O<\/td>\n1715 \u2013 1666<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carboxylic acid<\/td>\nO \u2013 H<\/td>\n3300 \u2013 2500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ester<\/td>\nC = O<\/td>\n1750 \u2013 1715<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/th>\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t<\/td>\nKh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i<\/td>\nT\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (VD: c\u1ed3n kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u th\u00f4)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chi\u1ebft<\/td>\nKh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan trong 2 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn<\/td>\nNg\u00e2m r\u01b0\u1ee3u thu\u1ed1c, pha tr\u00e0, t\u00e1ch tinh d\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u1ebft tinh<\/td>\nKh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tan theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\nT\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn (VD: s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1t)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u1eafc k\u00ed c\u1ed9t<\/td>\nKh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa pha \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 pha t\u0129nh<\/td>\nT\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f3 t\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n
\"h\u00f3a<\/figure>\n

<\/span>T\u1ea3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c b\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc nh\u00e9<\/p>\n

T\u1ea2I T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U H\u00d3A 11 CH\u01af\u01a0NG 3 (\u0110\u1ec0 + \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, g\u00f3p \u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ed7i, khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh qua Fanpage H\u1eacU H\u1eccC T\u1eacP<\/a> ho\u1eb7c T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U \u00d4N THI<\/a> nh\u00e9.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u00f4n thi chia s\u1ebb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 11 \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n b\u00e1m s\u00e1t theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: Nitrogen Sulfur (l\u1edbp […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2751,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-hoa-hoc-11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2753"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2751"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2753"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}