{"id":2580,"date":"2026-04-25T02:52:56","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T02:52:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/25\/bai-tap-thuc-te-thuc-nghiem-mo-phong-vat-ly-hat-nhan\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T02:52:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T02:52:56","slug":"bai-tap-thuc-te-thuc-nghiem-mo-phong-vat-ly-hat-nhan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/25\/bai-tap-thuc-te-thuc-nghiem-mo-phong-vat-ly-hat-nhan\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2013 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"entry-content single-page\">\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng thu\u1ed9c Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12.<\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block code-block-2\" style=\"margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear: both;\">\n<div> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94b00f96b92473b0cddce7b38144e6f8\" id=\"h-n\u1ed9i-dung-tai-li\u1ec7u-bai-t\u1eadp-th\u1ef1c-t\u1ebf-th\u1ef1c-nghi\u1ec7m-mo-ph\u1ecfng-ch\u1ee7-d\u1ec1-v\u1eadt-ly-h\u1ea1t-nhan-12\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Noi_dung_tai_lieu_Bai_tap_thuc_te_%E2%80%93_thuc_nghiem_%E2%80%93_mo_phong_chu_de_Vat_ly_hat_nhan_12\"><\/span>N\u1ed9i dung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u B\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2013 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n 12<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2013 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ec1 <strong>V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/strong>\u00a0(Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 4) d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1edbp 12.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1 vui Ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u00e0i to\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb  sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o (proton, neutron) v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb, s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ba h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (A, B, C).<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ri\u00eang:<\/strong>\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ri\u00eang theo s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i A \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Chernobyl:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Cs \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tia gamma (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Jun) ph\u00e1t ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 beta c\u1ee7a CS<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Potassium (Kali):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (mg) c\u1ee7a Kali trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a K trong Kali t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m T\u00e1n x\u1ea1:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u00e1n k\u00ednh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh 2 h\u1ea1t neutron li\u00ean k\u1ebft:<\/strong>\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 hai neutron gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y bay m\u1ea1 Radium:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sau 57,0 n\u0103m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Iod ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong s\u1eefa b\u00f2:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong s\u1eefa b\u00f2 c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1ch:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng MeV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t hai h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Deuteron t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh Tri-ti v\u00e0 proton.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1ch k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng laser t\u1ea1i C\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda qu\u1ed1c gia (NIF).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u00f4i sao Technetium:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ednh s\u1ed1 chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u00a0Ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 khi b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ee5p CT v\u00e0 X-quang:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u00ednh s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n ch\u1ee5p X-quang ng\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi 75kg nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n qu\u00e9t CT to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1:<\/strong>\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n con, v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e2n r\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Iod ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u1ea3 ra c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra ${}^{123}\\text{I}$.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ${}^{131}\\text{I}$ c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp ph\u00e1t positron (PET):<\/strong>\u00a0X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u00e0 m\u00e1y PET ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"autoplay\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1EcLyTgKFWIgjD4UBjiacP1pT7qKlRQk_\/preview\" width=\"640\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ae481a0b6d3a81a1e3626f9c07b36c0b\" id=\"h-t\u1ea3i-tai-li\u1ec7u-bai-t\u1eadp-th\u1ef1c-t\u1ebf-th\u1ef1c-nghi\u1ec7m-mo-ph\u1ecfng-ch\u1ee7-d\u1ec1-v\u1eadt-ly-h\u1ea1t-nhan-12\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_tai_lieu_Bai_tap_thuc_te_%E2%80%93_thuc_nghiem_%E2%80%93_mo_phong_chu_de_Vat_ly_hat_nhan_12\"><\/span>T\u1ea3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u B\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2013 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n 12<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y nha<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1dGAIo854zjvdhiuHskKaKrRHL0WWZsfd?usp=sharing\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>T\u1ea2I T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U (\u0110\u1ec0 + \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N)<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-vivid-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39f85727412b888cda6ad2376b7bb4c3\"><strong>Tham kh\u1ea3o: <a href=\"https:\/\/tailieuonthi.org\/bai-tap-thuc-te-thuc-nghiem-mo-phong-tu-truong\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">B\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2013 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng 12<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng thu\u1ed9c Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12. N\u1ed9i dung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u B\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2013 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n 12 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2579,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,41],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tai-lieu-vat-ly","category-vat-ly-12"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2580"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2580\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2579"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}