{"id":2575,"date":"2026-04-25T02:52:38","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T02:52:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/25\/tai-lieu-vat-ly-12-chuong-2-khi-ly-tuong-ctm\/"},"modified":"2026-04-25T02:52:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T02:52:38","slug":"tai-lieu-vat-ly-12-chuong-2-khi-ly-tuong-ctm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/25\/tai-lieu-vat-ly-12-chuong-2-khi-ly-tuong-ctm\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12 \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2 Kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u00f4n thi chia s\u1ebb cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n tr\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12 \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2 Kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t 2026. B\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y b\u00e1m s\u00e1t theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u1edbi gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd 12.<\/p>\n

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T\u1ea3i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1 \u2013 V\u1eadt l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12 \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2 Kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2 \u2013 Kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12, cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng cho h\u1ecdc sinh hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111\u1ec1 thi h\u1ecdc k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 thi THPT Qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

\"T\u00e0i<\/figure>\n

B\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12 \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: Kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (2026) d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n chi ti\u1ebft, b\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng cao.<\/p>\n

<\/span>C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 V\u1eadt l\u00fd 12 Kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u00ean ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/td>\nN\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed Ch\u1ea5t Kh\u00ed<\/td>\nC\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Brown, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t (mol, s\u1ed1 Avogadro), v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Boyle<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng nhi\u1ec7t (\"T=const\"), \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Boyle (\"p.V=const\"), \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb, \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Dalton (tr\u1ed9n kh\u00ed \u0111\u1eb3ng nhi\u1ec7t), \u00c1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y t\u0129nh, v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Charles<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u00e1p (\"p=const\"), \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Charles (\"\\frac{V}{T}=const\"), th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb, v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Kh\u00ed L\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/td>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (\"\\frac{p.V}{T}=const\"), Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Clapeyron (\"p.V=n.R.T\"), \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ecm th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c1p su\u1ea5t Kh\u00ed theo M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/td>\nC\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t (\"p), quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng t\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh (\"W_{tt}\") v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\"W_{tt}), \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng quay (b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do \"i\"), N\u1ed9i n\u0103ng (\"U\"), v\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd I Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc cho kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 Kh\u00ed L\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/td>\nT\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u1ef1c t\u1eeb t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean d\u00e2y d\u1eabn mang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u2013 C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb<\/td>\nL\u1ef1c t\u1eeb (\"F\"), C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb (\"B\"), Quy t\u1eafc b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i, Quy t\u1eafc n\u1eafm tay ph\u1ea3i, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb cho d\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng, d\u00e2y tr\u00f2n, \u1ed1ng d\u00e2y, v\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

M\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m:<\/strong> T\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u2013 Tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n- Tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00fang sai \u2013 Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn k\u00e8m key chi ti\u1ebft<\/p>\n

\"T\u00e0i<\/figure>\n

<\/span>\u0110\u1ec1 \u00f4n t\u1eadp ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1eadt l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u2013 VL 12<\/span><\/h3>\n