{"id":1148,"date":"2026-04-24T10:24:44","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T10:24:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/24\/de-danh-gia-tu-duy-tsa-2025-doc-hieu-so-18\/"},"modified":"2026-04-24T10:24:44","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T10:24:44","slug":"de-danh-gia-tu-duy-tsa-2025-doc-hieu-so-18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/2026\/04\/24\/de-danh-gia-tu-duy-tsa-2025-doc-hieu-so-18\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ec1 minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA 2025 \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 18"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0110\u1ec1 minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA 2025 \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 18 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n theo chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1 thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch Khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 2025.<\/p>\n

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Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA<\/a><\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 luy\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o \u1edf website nh\u00e9, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 to\u00e1n, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA 2025 \u2013 Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 17<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span>T\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA 2025 \u2013 \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u 18<\/span><\/h2>\n

C\u00c1C B\u1ea0N NH\u1ea4N N\u00daT B\u00caN D\u01af\u1edaI \u0110\u1ec2 T\u1ea2I V\u1ec0 NH\u00c9. <\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1ea2I \u0110\u1ec0 V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N<\/strong><\/p>\n

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T\u1ea2I \u0110\u1ec0 V\u00c0 \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N TSA \u0110\u1eccC HI\u1ec2U 18<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/span>N\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ec1 minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA 2025 \u2013 \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u 18<\/span><\/h2>\n

<\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed logistics hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

0<\/a> \u2013 Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n v\u00e0 mua h\u00e0ng sang gi\u00e1 CIF, tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u2018swap container\u2019, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ph\u00ed h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t\/nh\u1eadp, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 khai b\u00e1o h\u1ea3i quan c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba\u2026 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed logistics. V\u00ec sao chi ph\u00ed logistics c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao<\/p>\n[1] Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn logistics l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ban ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p (DN) mau ch\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau d\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, logistics l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trung b\u00ecnh 14-16% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o GDP 4-5%. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 logistics th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i n\u0103m 2022 do Agility v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 cho th\u1ea5y, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 11 trong b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng top 50 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng logistics m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 4 t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1.[2] Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay, doanh nghi\u1ec7p (DN) Vi\u1ec7t Nam khi trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u2013 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng logistics nh\u01b0 kho b\u00e3i, trung t\u00e2m logistics; c\u00e1c DN logistics c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin; thi\u1ebfu li\u00ean k\u1ebft, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu\u2026 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed logistics c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi DN.[3] Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, theo \u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea5n L\u1ed9c \u2013 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Marketing T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty T\u00e2n c\u1ea3ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng container khu v\u1ef1c C\u00e1i M\u00e9p kho\u1ea3ng 5.470m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 8 c\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ea7u t\u00e0u (trung b\u00ecnh 600m b\u1ebfn\/c\u1ea3ng) trong khi k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u00e0u c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u00e0u l\u00ean t\u1edbi 400m n\u00ean t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u1ed7i c\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u m\u1eb9.[4] Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n, v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n h\u00e0ng do Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t FOB v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp CIF. Ngo\u00e0i ra l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng logistics v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, ph\u1ee5 ph\u00ed c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n do c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t.[5] Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y ngay t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng trong khu v\u1ef1c C\u00e1i M\u00e9p \u2013 Th\u1ecb V\u1ea3i (c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u201cc\u1ea3ng m\u1edf\u201d), nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ea7u b\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nhau. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u b\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed logistics cho h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u00f4ng qua khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.[6] V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay, chi\u1ebfm 72,93% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1edbi 21,73%. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n cao h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7. Nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u00e9o gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed logistics h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u2018\u2018DN c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 sang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn s\u00e0 lan t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2019\u2019 \u2013 \u00f4ng L\u1ed9c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb.[7] Theo Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 KC Chang \u2013 chuy\u00ean gia th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan ki\u00eam ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u2013 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c GEODIS Logistics, khi nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0o Hoa K\u1ef3, DN ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1; t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u; ph\u1ea3i xin gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u2026 Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ea3i quan c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed.[8] Chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed logistics, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u1ea1i Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n Logistics v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u2013 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 2022 v\u1eeba di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh cho r\u1eb1ng, DN XNK n\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, mua h\u00e0ng sang gi\u00e1 CIF thay v\u00ec FOB nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1ecbch v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea1nh tranh uy t\u00edn nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed c\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.[9] DN c\u0169ng n\u00ean tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n cho ph\u00e9p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u2018swap container\u2019 (m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 container) h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t \u2013 nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i khi m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 d\u1ea7u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Nga \u2013 Ucraina; ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ph\u00ed h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t\/nh\u1eadp thu theo \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh thu ph\u00ed tr\u00e0n lan.[10] \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u00ean t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed logistics b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 khai b\u00e1o h\u1ea3i quan c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. N\u1ebfu DN xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed logistics t\u1eeb 500.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/container so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

<\/span>M\u1ed9t tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m d\u01b0\u1edbI m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t (giuyn v\u00e9c-n\u01a1)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n[0] \u201cCu\u1ed9c du h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t\u201d (1864) l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Giuyn V\u00e9c-n\u01a1. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c t\u00ean l\u00e0 Li-\u0111en-br\u1ed1c (Lidenbrock) tin r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng trung t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee9a ch\u00e1u trai A-xen (Axel) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Han-x\u01a1 (Hans) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn phi\u00eau l\u01b0u th\u00fa v\u1ecb. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.[1] T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 \u201cmay m\u1eafn\u201d \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5t t\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng. Cu\u1ed9c di chuy\u1ec3n kinh kh\u1ee7ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m t\u00f4i v\u00e0o tay gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 m\u00e1u me \u0111\u1ea7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u2013 Axel n\u00e0y, \u2013 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00f3i \u2013 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1i n\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, ch\u00fa c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1! Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb nay ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean r\u1eddi nhau k\u1ebbo c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nhau n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e2u!<\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean r\u1eddi nhau!\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft th\u00fac? Th\u1ea5y t\u00f4i tr\u00f2n m\u1eaft ng\u1ea1c
nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fa t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi:
\u2013 Sao v\u1eady, Axel?
\u2013 Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t sao?
\u2013 Kh\u00f4ng!
\u2013 \u1ed2! Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ebd ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb \u0111i\u00ean v\u00ec ch\u00e1u th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, ch\u00e1u nghe ti\u1ebfng gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng s\u00f3ng
v\u1ed7 n\u1eefa.
\u2013 Ch\u00fa s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u00ec h\u1ebft v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u1ed5i. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e1u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn
th\u1ea5y t\u1eadn m\u1eaft v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 h\u1ebft!
\u2013 Ch\u00fang ta ra ngo\u00e0i kia \u0111i! \u2013 t\u00f4i b\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u1eadt d\u1eady v\u00e0 n\u00f3i.
\u2013 Khoan \u0111\u00e3, Axel! Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00e1u b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5y!
\u2013 Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi?
\u2013 Ph\u1ea3i. Gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 ch\u00e1u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu n\u00ean ch\u00fa kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n\u2026
\u2013 Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e1u kho\u1ebb h\u1eb3n r\u1ed3i m\u00e0!
\u2013 Axel, \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3ng ru\u1ed9t! N\u1ebfu ch\u00e1u b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea1i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i l\u1eafm. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian v\u00ec
chuy\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n s\u1eafp t\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5y.
\u2013 Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n?
\u2013 Ph\u1ea3i. Ch\u00e1u h\u00e3y ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i h\u1ebft ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay. Ng\u00e0y mai ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xu\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u!
\u2013 Xu\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u? \u2013 t\u00f4i kinh ng\u1ea1c k\u00eau l\u00ean.[2] V\u1eady l\u00e0 sao? S\u1ebd xu\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u! S\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n! T\u00ednh t\u00f2 m\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn cao \u0111\u1ed9! Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Lidenbrock th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n gi\u1eef t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e0nh chi\u1ec1u theo \u00fd t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn kho\u00e1c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u0103n, r\u1ed3i b\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi hang.<\/p>\n[3] Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec c\u1ea3. M\u1eaft t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i n\u00ean b\u1ed7ng nh\u1eafm t\u00edt l\u1ea1i. Khi m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eaft ra, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi k\u00eau l\u00ean v\u00ec qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7i s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t:
\u2013 Bi\u1ec3n!
\u2013 Ph\u1ea3i! \u2013 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p \u2013 Bi\u1ec3n Lidenbrock \u0111\u1ea5y! Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i n\u00e0o tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1edbi
ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m vinh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra c\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n ng\u1ea7m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y t\u00ean m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7t cho bi\u1ec3n![4] M\u1ed9t l\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3i ra m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft. T\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng theo nhau s\u00f4 l\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t v\u00e0ng m\u1ecbn r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c nh\u1eefng v\u1ecf \u1ed1c v\u1ecf s\u00f2. Ti\u1ebfng s\u00f3ng v\u1ed7 b\u1edd r\u00ec r\u00e0o \u00e2m vang. B\u1ecdt s\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 tung bay theo gi\u00f3 ph\u1ea3 v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t t\u00f4i. Tr\u00ean b\u00e3i thoai tho\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, \u1edf c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p s\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u1eefng r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai s\u1eebng s\u1eefng, cao v\u00fat, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e1 nh\u01b0 x\u00e9 to\u1ea1c b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e2m ra kh\u01a1i th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng m\u0169i \u0111\u1ea5t. Xa xa, kh\u1ed1i n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i in h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean n\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi m\u00f9 s\u01b0\u01a1ng.[5] \u0110\u00e2y qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eafng v\u1ebb v\u00e0 hoang d\u00e3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kinh kh\u1ee7ng.[6] S\u1edf d\u0129 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f3ng t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft ra t\u00edt ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i v\u00ec m\u1ecdi chi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c soi t\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tia n\u1eafng huy ho\u00e0ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo, nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u1edd \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n, s\u1eafc s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9\u2026 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay do \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ra.[7] V\u00f2m \u0111\u00e1 hoa c\u01b0\u01a1ng treo tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u00f3ng \u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00f4i c\u1ee9 ng\u1ee1 d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bay h\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng do m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean cao l\u1ea1i d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u1edbn. Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u00ean \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f2n g\u00e2y m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c u s\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m! \u1ede tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi sao l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00f2m \u0111\u00e1 hoa c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang d\u1ed3n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng gian d\u00f9 bao la th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa \u1ea5y, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ec7 tinh khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n nh\u1ea5t du h\u00e0nh![8] Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ecb giam trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i hang r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. T\u1eeb \u201chang\u201d v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c trong ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u00e1i n\u01a1i r\u1ed9ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00ean d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng do tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t khi ngu\u1ed9i l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh? T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i hang n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng song kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng r\u1ed9ng bao la \u1ea5y![9] T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1eb7ng ng\u1eafm t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan n\u00e0y m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i n\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i, t\u00f4i ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn, ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129 chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u00e0 trong l\u00f2ng th\u1ea5y s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kinh h\u00e3i![10] \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, v\u00ec sau b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p, nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00edt th\u1edf c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n, c\u00f2n g\u00ec vui s\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01a1n!<\/p>\n

(GIUYN V\u00c9C-N\u01a0, Cu\u1ed9c du h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, B\u00edch Thu\u1ef7 d\u1ecbch, NXB Thanh ni\u00ean, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2000<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ec1 minh h\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA 2025 \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 18 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n theo chu\u1ea9n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1 thi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch Khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 2025. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy TSA […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-doc-hieu-tsa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1148\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/77.buffdemo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}